| |
Air Conditioning and Refrigeration Equipment in Pakistan
|
|
| Title: |
Air Conditioning and Refrigeration Equipment in Pakistan: A Strategic Entry Report, 1999 |
| Date
Published: |
1999-10-04 |
| Pages: |
176 |
| ISBN: |
0741817098 |
| |
|
About
the Author(s)/Editor(s) |
Philip
M. Parker
Eli Lilly Chair Professor in Innovation, Business and
Society
INSEAD (Fontainebleau, France & Singapore)
Philip M. Parker is the
Eli Lilly Chair Professor of Innovation, Business
and Society at INSEAD (Fontainebleau, France and Singapore).
He has been a professor there since 1988 where he
teaches graduate and doctoral-level courses on global
competitive strategy and research methodology. He
has taught courses at Harvard University (HBS), the
Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Stanford
University (GSB), the Massachusetts Institute of Technology
(MIT Sloan School) and UCLA (Anderson School). Dr.
Parker received his Ph.D. in Business Economics from
the Wharton School at the University of Pennsylvania
and has Masters degrees in Finance and Banking (University
of Aix-Marseille, France) and Managerial Economics
(Wharton). His undergraduate degrees are in mathematics
and economics. Some of his work and methodologies
applied in this study were financially supported by
the Research and Development Committee at INSEAD which
is gratefully acknowledged.
|
About
the Series |
This
series helps international managers expand to various
country markets around the world. Each report is a broad
study of a particular product market, but also gives
information useful for entry strategies (trend analysis,
marketing, production, finance, and distribution strategy).
Each study provides ample statistics on market size
and trends, as well as various economic statistics cover
human resources and cross-cultural management. |
Contents |
1 INTRODUCTION & METHODOLOGY
1.1 What does this report cover?
1.2 How to Strategically Evaluate Pakistan
1.3 Latent Demand and Accessibility in Pakistan
2 AIR CONDITIONING AND REFRIGERATION EQUIPMENT
2.1 Latent Demand and Accessibility: Background
2.2 Latent Demand: Aspects of Interest
2.2.1 Latent Demand: Statistical Profile
2.2.2 Market Profile
2.2.3 Latent Demand: Leading Segments
2.3 Accessibility: The Structure of Competition
2.3.1 Competitive Factors
2.3.2 End-User Analysis
2.4 Accessibility: Key Factors
2.4.1 Import Climate
2.5 Key Contacts
2.5.1 Government
2.5.2 Manufacturers
2.5.3 Agents
2.5.4 Importers and Contractors
2.5.5 Trade Organizations
2.5.6 Trade Events
3 THE ECONOMICS OF LATENT DEMAND IN PAKISTAN
3.1 Executive Summary
3.2 Economic Issues in Pakistan
3.2.1 Major Trends and Outlook
3.2.2 Economic Growth
3.2.3 Agriculture
3.2.4 Wheat
3.2.5 Cotton
3.2.6 Rice
3.2.7 Sugarcane
3.2.8 Tobacco
3.2.9 Minor Crops
3.2.10 Fisheries
3.2.11 Livestock
3.2.12 Forestry
3.2.13 Industry
3.2.14 Public Industrial Sector
3.2.15 Textiles
3.2.16 Refined Sugar
3.2.17 Food Processing and Consumer Products
3.2.18 Iron and Steel
3.2.19 Fertilizer
3.2.20 Cement
3.2.21 Chemicals
3.2.22 Leather
3.2.23 Electronics and Electrical Goods Industry
3.2.24 Vegetable Ghee/Cooking Oil
3.2.25 Pharmaceutical
3.2.26 Engineering Industry
3.2.27 Energy
3.2.28 Electricity & Power
3.2.29 Hydroelectric Power
3.2.30 Thermal Power
3.2.31 Nuclear Power
3.2.32 Demand for Electricity
3.2.33 Coal
3.2.34 Minerals
3.2.35 Government Intervention Risks
3.2.36 Monetary Policy
3.2.37 Fiscal Policy
3.2.38 Privatization
3.2.39 Foreign Exchange Policies and Reserves
3.2.40 Remittances from Overseas Workers
3.2.41 Foreign Trade
3.2.42 Ports
3.2.43 Railroads
3.2.44 Highways
3.2.45 Air Transport
3.2.46 Utilities
3.2.47 Telecommunications
4 EXPORT ACCESSIBILITY IN PAKISTAN
4.1 Executive Summary
4.2 Exporting to Pakistan
4.2.1 The Banking System
4.2.2 Exchange Control Risks
4.2.3 General Availability of Financing
4.2.4 Islamic Modes of Financing
4.2.5 Working Capital Finance
4.2.6 Term Financing
4.2.7 Modaraba
4.2.8 Financing Exports
4.2.9 Availability of Project Financing
4.2.10 Types of Projects Receiving Financing Support
4.2.11 List of Banks with Corresponding Banking Arrangements
4.2.12 Trade Barriers
4.2.13 Customs Valuation
4.2.14 Customs Clearance and Warehousing
4.2.15 Import Licenses
4.2.16 Export Controls
4.2.17 Import/Export Documentation Requirements
4.2.18 Temporary Entry
4.2.19 Labeling, Marking Requirements
4.2.20 Prohibited Imports
4.2.21 Standards/ISO 9000 Usage
4.2.22 Free Trade Zones/Warehouses
4.2.23 Special Import Provisions
4.2.24 Adherence to Free Trade Agreements
5 DIRECT INVESTMENT ACCESSIBILITY IN PAKISTAN
5.1 Executive Summary: Infrastructure
5.2 Executive Summary: Natural Resources
5.3 Executive Summary: Industry
5.4 Direct Investment in Pakistan
5.4.1 Attitudes Toward Foreign Direct Investment
5.4.2 Institutional Promotion of Investment
5.4.3 Incentives for Investment
5.4.4 Private Property Risks
5.4.5 Property Rights Risks
5.4.6 Intellectual Property Rights
5.4.7 Adequacy of Laws and Regulations Governing Commercial Transactions
5.4.8 Foreign Trade Zones & Free Ports
5.4.9 Taxation Issues
5.4.10 Performance Requirements/Incentives
5.4.11 Transparency of the Regulatory System
5.4.12 Corruption
5.4.13 Labor
5.4.14 Efficiency of Capital Markets and Portfolio Investment
5.4.15 Conversion and Transfer Policies
5.4.16 Expropriation and Compensation
5.4.17 Dispute Settlement
5.4.18 Security Interests in Property
5.4.19 Membership in ICSID/Domestic Arbitration Statute
5.4.20 Investment Disputes
5.4.21 Political Violence
5.4.22 Bilateral Investment Agreements
5.4.23 Capital Outflow Policy
5.4.24 Major Foreign Investors
6 MARKETING & DISTRIBUTION IN PAKISTAN
6.1 Executive Summary
6.2 Marketing and Distribution in Pakistan
6.2.1 Distribution and Sales Channels
6.2.2 Use of Agents/Distributors
6.2.3 Franchising
6.2.4 Direct Marketing
6.2.5 Joint Ventures/Licensing
6.2.6 Steps to Establishing an Office
6.2.7 Imports
6.2.8 Advertising and Trade Promotion
6.2.9 Trade Shows
6.2.10 Pricing Products
6.2.11 Sales Service/Customer Support
6.2.12 Selling to the Government
6.2.13 Protecting Your Product from IPR Infringement
6.2.14 Need for a Local Attorney
7 HUMAN RESOURCE ASSESSMENT IN PAKISTAN
7.1 Executive Summary
7.2 Human Resources in Pakistan
7.2.1 Unionization in Pakistan
7.2.2 Collective Bargaining in Pakistan
7.2.3 Workweek and Minimum Wages in Pakistan
7.2.4 Forced Labor in Pakistan
7.2.5 Working Ages and Child Labor in Pakistan
8 POLITICAL RISK ASSESSMENT IN PAKISTAN
8.1 Executive Summary: Government
8.2 Executive Summary: Military Organization
8.3 Democracy in Pakistan
8.4 Political Issues in Pakistan
8.4.1 Economic Relationship with the United States
8.4.2 Major Political Issues Affecting Business Climate
8.4.3 Political System
8.4.4 Schedule for Elections
8.4.5 Major Political Parties
9 LEGAL RISK ASSESSMENT IN PAKISTAN
9.1 Executive Summary
9.2 Legal Issues in Pakistan
9.2.1 Privacy, Search and Seizure
9.2.2 Trial Justice in Pakistan
9.2.3 Excessive Punishment in Pakistan
10 CULTURAL AND DEMOGRAPHIC RISKS IN PAKISTAN
10.1 Executive Summary
10.2 Cultural Issues in Pakistan
10.2.1 Racial, Ethnic and Discrimination Issues in Pakistan
10.2.2 Women's Rights and Gender Issues in Pakistan
10.2.3 Religion in Pakistan
10.2.4 Fundamental Human Rights in Pakistan
11 HISTORICAL BACKGROUND
11.1 Social and Political History
11.1.1 Overview of Key Historical Events
11.1.2 Pakistan and Partition
11.1.3 After Independence
11.1.4 1977-1985 Martial Law
11.1.5 The Return of Democracy
11.1.6 The Role of the Military
11.1.7 Economic History
11.1.8 Agriculture
11.1.9 Industry
11.1.10 Foreign Trade and Aid
11.1.11 Historic International Relations
11.1.12 India
11.1.13 Afghanistan
11.1.14 Russian Federation
11.1.15 People’s Republic of China
11.1.16 Iran and the Persian Gulf
11.1.17 Historical Relations with the U.S.
11.2 Business Customs in Pakistan
11.2.1 Business Customs
11.2.2 Ramazan
|
| |
|
